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Multi-institution longitudinal apparent diffusion coefficient measurements in a diffusion weighted imaging phantom at room temperature
Moore, C. Bull, C. Darekar, A. Wilson, D. Goodall, A. Manoharan, P. Hoskin, P. van Herk, M. Buckley, D. L. McHugh, D. J.
Moore, C.
Bull, C.
Darekar, A.
Wilson, D.
Goodall, A.
Manoharan, P.
Hoskin, P.
van Herk, M.
Buckley, D. L.
McHugh, D. J.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This work contributes to technical validation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a biomarker of cancer. The aim was to evaluate ADC accuracy, random error, short-term and long-term repeatability and reproducibility, across multiple institutions using a room temperature phantom. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ADC measurements were made in a travelling room temperature diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) phantom on six scanners at four UK institutions over 18 months at six-month intervals. ADC bias measurements were calculated as the difference between measured and temperature corrected ground-truth ADC values and used to calculate mean ADC bias, isocentre ADC error estimate, short- and long-term intra-scanner repeatability as per the Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA) DWI profiles, and inter-scanner reproducibility by calculating the 95 % limits of agreement for all ADC bias measurements. RESULTS: The use of a room-temperature phantom with a magnetic resonance (MR) readable thermometer enabled ADC measurements without ice-water setup, considerably simplifying logistics with respect to multi-institution ADC quality assurance. Mean ADC bias across all scanners and sessions was <0.01 × 10(-3) mm(2) s(-1) (0.81 %); mean isocentre ADC error estimate was 1.43 %; average scanner short-term repeatability was <0.01 × 10(-3) mm(2) s(-1) (1 %). Reproducibility was 0.07 × 10(-3) mm(2) s(-1) (9 %). CONCLUSION: Results indicated good ADC accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility; demonstrating the feasibility of transferring diagnostic DWI sequences between scanners from the same manufacturer, for use in multi-institution longitudinal studies, and assessing ADC with minimal quality control and harmonisation steps required.
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Date
2025
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Citation
Moore C, Bull C, Darekar A, Wilson D, Goodall A, Manoharan P, et al. Multi-institution longitudinal apparent diffusion coefficient measurements in a diffusion weighted imaging phantom at room temperature. Physics and imaging in radiation oncology. 2025 Jul;35:100814. PubMed PMID: 40755885. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC12314170. Epub 2025/08/04. eng.