Molecular quantitation of minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21) can identify patients in durable remission and predict clinical relapse.
Authors
Tobal, KNewton, J
Macheta, M
Chang, James
Morgenstern, Godfrey R
Evans, P A
Morgan, Gareth J
Lucas, Guy S
Liu Yin, J A
Affiliation
University Department of Hematology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom. ktobal@labmed.cmht.nwest.rhs.ukIssue Date
2000-02-01
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
One of the most common translocations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the t(8;21), which produces the fusion gene AML1-MTG8. We have developed a sensitive competitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for AML1-MTG8 transcripts, coupled with a competitive RT-PCR for the ABL transcript as a control to accurately estimate the level of amplifiable RNA. We have shown that AML1-MTG8 and ABL transcripts have equal degradation rates. Thus, this method is useful for multicenter studies. We studied 25 patients with t(8;21) AML by means of serial analysis done on bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) samples from 21 patients. Our analysis showed that, in general, a successful induction chemotherapy produces a reduction of 2 to 3 log in the level of AML1-MTG8, followed by a further 2 to 3 log after consolidation/intensification chemotherapy. Levels up to 1 x 10(3) and 1 x 10(2) molecules/microg of RNA in BM and PB, respectively, were compatible with durable remission. On the other hand, 5 patients with levels of 0.71 x 10(5) to 2.27 x 10(5) molecules/microg of RNA in BM and 2.27 x 10(3) to 2.27 x 10(4) molecules/microg of RNA in PB had hematologic relapse within 3 to 6 months. Our data indicate that serial quantitation of AML1-MTG8 transcripts is useful in identifying patients at high risk of relapse and may offer an opportunity for clinical intervention to prevent hematologic relapse. This approach was applied successfully in a patient who had an allogeneic BM transplantation. We also suggest that PB may be used an alternative to BM for quantitating AML1-MTG8 transcripts.Citation
Molecular quantitation of minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21) can identify patients in durable remission and predict clinical relapse. 2000, 95 (3):815-9 BloodJournal
BloodPubMed ID
10648391Type
ArticleLanguage
enISSN
0006-4971Collections
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