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    VEGF165-binding sites within heparan sulfate encompass two highly sulfated domains and can be liberated by K5 lyase.

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    Authors
    Robinson, Christopher J
    Mulloy, Barbara
    Gallagher, John T
    Stringer, Sally E
    Affiliation
    Cancer Research UK and University of Manchester Department of Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital National Health Service Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kindgom. Christopher.Robinson@manchester.ac.uk
    Issue Date
    2006-01-20
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of proteins controls the formation and growth of blood vessels. The most potent and widely expressed isoform, VEGF165, is secreted as a disulfide-linked homodimer with two identical heparin-binding sites. Interactions with heparan sulfate (HS) regulate the diffusion, half-life, and affinity of VEGF165 for its signaling receptors. We have determined a number of key HS structural features that mediate the specific binding of the VEGF165 dimer. Carboxylate groups and 2-O-, 6-O-, and N-sulfation of HS contributed to the strength of the VEGF165 interaction; however, 6-O-sulfates appeared to be particularly important. Cleavage of HS by heparinase, heparitinase, or heparanase severely reduced VEGF165 binding. In contrast, K5 lyase-cleaved HS retained significant VEGF165 affinity, suggesting that binding sites for the growth factor are present within extended stretches of sulfation. Binding studies and molecular modeling demonstrated that an oligosaccharide 6 or 7 residues long was sufficient to fully occupy the heparin-binding site of a VEGF165 monomer. The data presented are consistent with a model whereby the two heparin-binding sites of the VEGF165 dimer interact simultaneously with highly sulfated S-domain regions of the HS chain that can be linked through a stretch of transition sequence.
    Citation
    VEGF165-binding sites within heparan sulfate encompass two highly sulfated domains and can be liberated by K5 lyase. 2006, 281 (3):1731-40 J. Biol. Chem.
    Journal
    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10541/72698
    DOI
    10.1074/jbc.M510760200
    PubMed ID
    16258170
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0021-9258
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1074/jbc.M510760200
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    All Paterson Institute for Cancer Research

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