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    Reproducible naevus counts using 3D total body photography and convolutional neural networks

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    Authors
    Betz-Stablein, B.
    D'Alessandro, B.
    Koh, U.
    Plasmeijer, E.
    Janda, M.
    Menzies, S. W.
    Hofmann-Wellenhof, R.
    Green, Adèle C
    Soyer, H. P.
    Affiliation
    QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Cancer and Population Studies, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
    Issue Date
    2021
    
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    Abstract
    Background: The number of naevi on a person is the strongest risk factor for melanoma; however, naevus counting is highly variable due to lack of consistent methodology and lack of inter-rater agreement. Machine learning has been shown to be a valuable tool for image classification in dermatology. Objectives: To test whether automated, reproducible naevus counts are possible through the combination of convolutional neural networks (CNN) and three-dimensional (3D) total body imaging. Methods: Total body images from a study of naevi in the general population were used for the training (82 subjects, 57,742 lesions) and testing (10 subjects; 4,868 lesions) datasets for the development of a CNN. Lesions were labelled as naevi, or not ("non-naevi"), by a senior dermatologist as the gold standard. Performance of the CNN was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, and Cohen's kappa, and evaluated at the lesion level and person level. Results: Lesion-level analysis comparing the automated counts to the gold standard showed a sensitivity and specificity of 79% (76-83%) and 91% (90-92%), respectively, for lesions ≥2 mm, and 84% (75-91%) and 91% (88-94%) for lesions ≥5 mm. Cohen's kappa was 0.56 (0.53-0.59) indicating moderate agreement for naevi ≥2 mm, and substantial agreement (0.72, 0.63-0.80) for naevi ≥5 mm. For the 10 individuals in the test set, person-level agreement was assessed as categories with 70% agreement between the automated and gold standard counts. Agreement was lower in subjects with numerous seborrhoeic keratoses. Conclusion: Automated naevus counts with reasonable agreement to those of an expert clinician are possible through the combination of 3D total body photography and CNNs. Such an algorithm may provide a faster, reproducible method over the traditional in person total body naevus counts.
    Citation
    Betz-Stablein B, D’Alessandro B, Koh U, Plasmeijer E, Janda M, Menzies SW, et al. Reproducible Naevus Counts Using 3D Total Body Photography and Convolutional Neural Networks. Dermatology. 2021 Jul 8;1–8.
    Journal
    Dermatology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10541/624485
    DOI
    10.1159/000517218
    PubMed ID
    34237739
    Additional Links
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000517218
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1159/000517218
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    All Paterson Institute for Cancer Research

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