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    Patterns of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid dietary intake and melanoma thickness at diagnosis

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    Authors
    Mahamat-Saleh, Y.
    Hughes, M. C. B.
    Miura, K.
    Malt, M. K.
    von Schuckmann, L.
    Khosrotehrani, K.
    Smithers, B. M.
    Green, Adèle C
    Affiliation
    Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) School of Medicine, Universite Paris Sud School of Medicine, Universite Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ); INSERM French National Institute for Health and Medical Research, Universite Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France.
    Issue Date
    2020
    
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    Abstract
    Background: Experimental evidence suggests that dietary intakes of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have divergent effects on melanoma growth, but epidemiologic evidence on their combined effect is lacking. Methods: In 634 Australian patients with primary melanoma, we assessed prediagnosis consumption of 39 food groups by food frequency questionnaires completed within 2 months of diagnosis. We derived, by reduced rank regression, dietary patterns that explained variability in selected omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intakes. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between tertiles of dietary patterns and melanoma thickness >2 mm versus ≤2 mm were estimated using Poisson regression. Results: Overall omega-3 fatty acid intakes were low. Two major fatty acid dietary patterns were identified: "meat, fish, and fat," positively correlated with intakes of all fatty acids; and "fish, low-meat, and low-fat," positively correlated with long-chain omega-3 fatty acid intake, and inversely with medium-chain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intakes. Prevalence of thick melanomas was significantly higher in those in the highest compared with lowest tertile of the "meat, fish, and fat" pattern (PR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.01-1.94), especially those with serious comorbidity (PR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.15-2.92) or a family history (PR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.00-5.35). The "fish, low-meat, and low-fat" pattern was not associated with melanoma thickness. Conclusions: People with high meat, fish, and fat intakes, who thus consumed relatively high levels of omega-3 and high omega-6 fatty acid intakes, are more likely to be diagnosed with thick than thin melanomas.
    Citation
    Mahamat-Saleh Y, Hughes MCB, Miura K, Malt MK, von Schuckmann L, Khosrotehrani K, et al. Patterns of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acid Dietary Intake and Melanoma Thickness at Diagnosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2020;29(8):1647-53.
    Journal
    Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10541/623343
    DOI
    10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0319
    PubMed ID
    32430338
    Additional Links
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0319
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0319
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    All Paterson Institute for Cancer Research

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