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    Omega-3 fatty acid intake and decreased risk of skin cancer in organ transplant recipients

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    Authors
    Miura, K.
    Way, M.
    Jiyad, Z.
    Marquart, L.
    Plasmeijer, E. I.
    Campbell, S.
    Isbel, N.
    Fawcett, J.
    Ferguson, L. E.
    Davis, M.
    Whiteman, D. C.
    Soyer, H. P.
    O'Rourke, P.
    Green, Adèle C
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    Affiliation
    Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, Australia.
    Issue Date
    2020
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Purpose: Organ transplant recipients have over 100-fold higher risk of developing skin cancer than the general population and are in need of further preventive strategies. We assessed the possible preventive effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake from food on the two main skin cancers, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in kidney and liver transplant recipients. Methods: Adult kidney or liver transplant recipients transplanted for at least 1 year and at high risk of skin cancer were recruited from the main transplant hospital in Queensland, 2012-2014 and followed until mid-2016. We estimated their dietary total long-chain omega-3 PUFAs and α-linolenic acid intakes at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire and ranked PUFA intakes as low, medium, or high. Relative risks (RRsadj) of skin cancer adjusted for confounding factors with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: There were 449 transplant recipients (mean age, 55 years; 286 (64%) male). During follow-up, 149 (33%) patients developed SCC (median 2/person; range 1-40) and 134 (30%), BCC. Transplant recipients with high total long-chain omega-3 PUFA compared with low intakes showed substantially reduced SCC tumour risk (RRadj 0.33, 95% CI 0.18-0.60), and those with high α-linolenic acid intakes experienced significantly fewer BCCs (RRadj 0.40, 95% CI 0.22-0.74). No other significant associations were seen. Conclusion: Among organ transplant recipients, relatively high intakes of long-chain omega-3 PUFAs and of α-linolenic acid may reduce risks of SCC and BCC, respectively.
    Citation
    Miura K, Way M, Jiyad Z, Marquart L, Plasmeijer EI, Campbell S, et al. Omega-3 fatty acid intake and decreased risk of skin cancer in organ transplant recipients. Eur J Nutr [Internet]. 2020 Sep 9
    Journal
    European Journal of Nutrition
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10541/623337
    DOI
    10.1007/s00394-020-02378-y
    PubMed ID
    32909136
    Additional Links
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02378-y
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1007/s00394-020-02378-y
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    All Paterson Institute for Cancer Research

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