Existing co-morbidity indices and haemoglobin predict penile cancer outcomes in young patients

Abstract

Aim: Penile cancer is rarer in young patients, resulting in paucity of literature on outcomes. This study aims to identify prognostic factors for 3-year penile cancer-speci?c survival (3 yr-PCSS) in young patients. Method: Supra-network MDT records for 924 patients from 2008-2018 were assessed, >45-year olds were excluded. Demographics, co-morbidity scores, haemoglobin, pathohistology and 3 yr-PCSS were collected. Data underwent Chi2, Kaplan-Meier, Cox-regression and multivariate analysis to identify statistical significance between variables and 3 yr-PCSS. Result: 40 patients with penile naders cell carcinoma were identi?ed, median age 41. 3 yr-PCSS was 85%. Significant associations with 3 yr-PCSS included existing co-morbidity indices, haemoglobin, TNM-staging, lymphovascular and perineural invasion. Patients with ACE score 2 were 16.7x more likely to die of penile cancer in 3 yrs than those <2, Charlson comorbidity index were 2.5x more likely to die of penile cancer in 3 yrs than those <3, and POSSUM score ? 2.9 were 2.2x more likely to die of penile cancer in 3 yrs than those <2.9. Those with haemoglobin <13 g/dL were 19.7x more likely to die of penile cancer in 3 yrs than those ?13 g/dL. Conclusion: This study demonstrates existing co-morbidity indices and haemoglobin have statistically Significant associations with 3 yr-PCSS. These therefore hold prognostic potential and could be used fpr identification of high risk patients