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    Apidima cave fossils provide earliest evidence of homo sapiens in Eurasia

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    Authors
    Harvati, K
    Roding, C
    Bosman, AM
    Karakostis, FA
    Grun, R
    Stringer, C
    Karkanas, P
    Thompson, NC
    Koutoulidis, V
    Moulopoulos, LA
    Gorgoulis, Vassilis G
    Kouloukoussa, M
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    Affiliation
    Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany.
    Issue Date
    2019
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Two fossilized human crania (Apidima 1 and Apidima 2) from Apidima Cave, southern Greece, were discovered in the late 1970s but have remained enigmatic owing to their incomplete nature, taphonomic distortion and lack of archaeological context and chronology. Here we virtually reconstruct both crania, provide detailed comparative descriptions and analyses, and date them using U-series radiometric methods. Apidima 2 dates to more than 170 thousand years ago and has a Neanderthal-like morphological pattern. By contrast, Apidima 1 dates to more than 210 thousand years ago and presents a mixture of modern human and primitive features. These results suggest that two late Middle Pleistocene human groups were present at this site-an early Homo sapiens population, followed by a Neanderthal population. Our findings support multiple dispersals of early modern humans out of Africa, and highlight the complex demographic processes that characterized Pleistocene human evolution and modern human presence in southeast Europe.
    Citation
    Harvati K, Roding C, Bosman AM, Karakostis FA, Grun R, Stringer C, et al. Apidima Cave fossils provide earliest evidence of Homo sapiens in Eurasia. Nature. 2019 Jul;571(7766):500-4.
    Journal
    Nature
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10541/622000
    DOI
    10.1038/s41586-019-1376-z
    PubMed ID
    31292546
    Additional Links
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1376-z
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/s41586-019-1376-z
    Scopus Count
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    All Paterson Institute for Cancer Research

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