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    New causes of hypophysitis

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    Authors
    Yuen, K
    Popovic, V
    Trainer, Peter J
    Affiliation
    Barrow Pituitary Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
    Issue Date
    2019
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Hypophysitis is a rare entity characterized by inflammation of the pituitary gland and its stalk that can cause hypopituitarism and/or mass effect. Etiology can be categorized as primary or secondary to systemic disease, but may also be classified according to anatomical and hispathological criteria. Newly recognized causes of hypophysits have been described, mainly secondary to immunomodulatory medications and IgG4-related disease. Diagnosis is based on clinical, laboratory and imaging data, whereas pituitary biopsy, though rarely indicated, may provide a definitive histological diagnosis. For the clinician, obtaining a broad clinical and drug history, and performing a thorough physical examination is essential. Management of hypophysitis includes hormone replacement therapy if hypopituitarism is present and control of the consequences of the inflammatory pituitary mass (e.g. compression of the optic chiasm) using high-dose glucocorticoids, whereas pituitary surgery is reserved for those unresponsive to medical therapy and/or have progressive disease. However, there remains an unmet need for controlled studies to inform clinical practice.
    Citation
    Yuen KCJ, Popovic V, Trainer PJ. New causes of hypophysitis. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019.
    Journal
    Best Practice and Research. Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10541/621904
    DOI
    10.1016/j.beem.2019.04.010
    PubMed ID
    31078416
    Additional Links
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2019.04.010
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.beem.2019.04.010
    Scopus Count
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