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    COSMOS-E: guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology

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    Authors
    Dekkers, M
    Vandenbroucke, P
    Cevallos, M
    Renehan, Andrew G
    Altman, G
    Egger, M
    Affiliation
    The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Division of Molecular Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Issue Date
    2019
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, no publication providing overarching guidance on the conduct of systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology exists. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Conducting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies of Etiology (COSMOS-E) provides guidance on all steps in systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology, from shaping the research question, defining exposure and outcomes, to assessing the risk of bias and statistical analysis. The writing group included researchers experienced in meta-analyses and observational studies of etiology. Standard peer-review was performed. While the structure of systematic reviews of observational studies on etiology may be similar to that for systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials, there are specific tasks within each component that differ. Examples include assessment for confounding, selection bias, and information bias. In systematic reviews of observational studies of etiology, combining studies in meta-analysis may lead to more precise estimates, but such greater precision does not automatically remedy potential bias. Thorough exploration of sources of heterogeneity is key when assessing the validity of estimates and causality. CONCLUSION: As many reviews of observational studies on etiology are being performed, this document may provide researchers with guidance on how to conduct and analyse such reviews.
    Citation
    Dekkers O, Vandenbroucke J, Cevallos M, Renehan AG, Altman D, Egger M. COSMOS-E: guidance on conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies of etiology. PLoS Med. 2019;16(2):e1002742.
    Journal
    PLoS Medicine
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10541/621703
    DOI
    10.1371/Journal.pmed.1002742
    PubMed ID
    30789892
    Additional Links
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/Journal.pmed.1002742
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1371/Journal.pmed.1002742
    Scopus Count
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