Human epidermal stem cells: role in adverse skin reactions and carcinogenesis from radiation.
Abstract
In human skin, keratinopoiesis is based on a functional hierarchy among keratinocytes, with rare slow-cycling stem cells responsible for the long-term maintenance of the tissue through their self-renewal potential, and more differentiated daughter progenitor cells actively cycling to permit epidermal renewal and turn-over every month. Skin is a radio-responsive tissue, developing all types of radiation damage and pathologies, including early tissue reactions such as dysplasia and denudation in epidermis, and later fibrosis in the dermis and acanthosis in epidermis, with the TGF-beta 1 pathway as a known master switch. Also there is a risk of basal cell carcinoma, which arises from epidermal keratinocytes, notably after oncogenic events in PTCH1 or TP53 genes. This review will cover the mechanisms of adverse human skin reactions and carcinogenesis after various types of exposures to ionizing radiation, with comparison with animal data when necessary, and will discuss the possible role of stem cells and their progeny in the development of these disorders. The main endpoints presented are basal cell intrinsic radiosensitivity, genomic stability, individual factors of risk, dose specific responses, major molecular pathways involved and the cellular origin of skin reactions and cancer. Although major advances have been obtained in recent years, the precise implications of epidermal stem cells and their progeny in these processes are not yet fully characterized.Citation
Human epidermal stem cells: role in adverse skin reactions and carcinogenesis from radiation. 2016, 770 (Pt B):349-368 Mutat ResJournal
Mutation ResearchDOI
10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.08.004PubMed ID
27919341Type
ArticleLanguage
enISSN
1873-135Xae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.08.004
Scopus Count
Collections
Related articles
- UV-Induced Molecular Signaling Differences in Melanoma and Non-melanoma Skin Cancer.
- Authors: Liu-Smith F, Jia J, Zheng Y
- Issue date: 2017
- Keratinocyte stem cells are more resistant to UVA radiation than their direct progeny.
- Authors: Metral E, Bechetoille N, Demarne F, Damour O, Rachidi W
- Issue date: 2018
- ICRP Publication 131: Stem Cell Biology with Respect to Carcinogenesis Aspects of Radiological Protection.
- Authors: Niwa O, Barcellos-Hoff MH, Globus RK, Harrison JD, Hendry JH, Jacob P, Martin MT, Seed TM, Shay JW, Story MD, Suzuki K, Yamashita S, ICRP
- Issue date: 2015 Dec
- The regional distribution of melanosomes in the epidermis affords a localized intensive photoprotection for basal keratinocyte stem cells.
- Authors: Jiang S, Liao ZK, Jia HY, Liu XM, Wan J, Lei TC
- Issue date: 2021 Sep
- Whole-Exome and Transcriptome Analysis of UV-Exposed Epidermis and Carcinoma In Situ Reveals Early Drivers of Carcinogenesis.
- Authors: Zheng Q, Capell BC, Parekh V, O'Day C, Atillasoy C, Bashir HM, Yeh C, Shim EH, Prouty SM, Dentchev T, Lee V, Wushanley L, Kweon Y, Suzuki-Horiuchi Y, Pear W, Grice EA, Seykora JT
- Issue date: 2021 Feb