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    A randomized phase II trial of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and mitoxantrone (FCM) with or without rituximab in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

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    Authors
    Hillmen, P
    Cohen, D
    Cocks, K
    Pettitt, A
    Sayala, H
    Rawstron, A
    Kennedy, D
    Fegan, C
    Milligan, D
    Radford, John A
    Mercieca, J
    Dearden, C
    Ezekwisili, R
    Smith, A
    Brown, J
    Booth, G
    Varghese, A
    Pocock, C
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    Affiliation
    Department of Haematology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool Hull York Medical School, University of York, York Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham Christie NHS Foundation Trust and University of Manchester, Manchester St. Helier Hospital, Carshalton Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton Darent Valley Hospital, Dartford East Kent Hospitals NHS Trust, Canterbury, UK.
    Issue Date
    2011-01-14
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Combination fludarabine (F), cyclophosphamide (C) and rituximab (R) is the standard front-line therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), but appropriate treatment of relapsed/refractory CLL is less clear. Combined FC and mitoxantrone (M) has been reported to be effective in a single arm study, and rituximab when added to chemotherapy in CLL is synergistic. A randomized, two-stage, Phase II trial of FCM and FCM-R was conducted in relapsed CLL. The primary endpoint was response rate 2 months after therapy, assessed according to the 2008 International Workshop CLL criteria. In addition, minimal residual disease (MRD) in the marrow was studied 2 months after therapy, with MRD negativity defined as <0·01% CLL cells. Fifty-two patients were entered, 26 in each arm. The overall response rates to FCM and FCM-R were 58% and 65% respectively. Combined complete response (CR) and CR with incomplete marrow recovery [CR(i)] was 15% (95% confidence interval [CI]:4-35%) for FCM and 42% (95%CI:23-63%) for FCM-R, with eight patients achieving MRD negativity (3 FCM; 5 FCM-R). The toxicity of both regimens was acceptable. In conclusion, the addition of rituximab to FCM improves the response rates in relapsed CLL, resulting in more complete remissions and without additional safety concerns. Efficacy and safety should be fully tested in a randomized Phase III trial.
    Citation
    A randomized phase II trial of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and mitoxantrone (FCM) with or without rituximab in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. 2011:Br J Haematol
    Journal
    British Journal of Haematology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10541/120255
    DOI
    10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08317.x
    PubMed ID
    21231927
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    1365-2141
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08317.x
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