Visualization of poly(ADP-ribose) bound to PARG reveals inherent balance between exo- and endo-glycohydrolase activities.
Barkauskaite, Eva Brassington, A Tan, E Warwicker, J Dunstan, M Banos, Benito Lafite, P Ahel, M Mitchison, T Ahel, Ivan
Barkauskaite, Eva
Brassington, A
Tan, E
Warwicker, J
Dunstan, M
Banos, Benito
Lafite, P
Ahel, M
Mitchison, T
Ahel, Ivan
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Abstract
Poly-ADP-ribosylation is a post-translational modification that regulates processes involved in genome stability. Breakdown of the poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer is catalysed by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), whose endo-glycohydrolase activity generates PAR fragments. Here we present the crystal structure of PARG incorporating the PAR substrate. The two terminal ADP-ribose units of the polymeric substrate are bound in exo-mode. Biochemical and modelling studies reveal that PARG acts predominantly as an exo-glycohydrolase. This preference is linked to Phe902 (human numbering), which is responsible for low-affinity binding of the substrate in endo-mode. Our data reveal the mechanism of poly-ADP-ribosylation reversal, with ADP-ribose as the dominant product, and suggest that the release of apoptotic PAR fragments occurs at unusual PAR/PARG ratios.
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2013-08-06
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Visualization of poly(ADP-ribose) bound to PARG reveals inherent balance between exo- and endo-glycohydrolase activities. 2013, 4:2164 Nat Commun