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Genotoxicity studies on the azo dye Direct Red 2 using the in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus test.
Rajaguru, P Fairbairn, Leslie J Ashby, J Willington, Mark Turner, Suzanne D Woolford, L A Chinnasamy, Nachimuthu Rafferty, Joseph A
Rajaguru, P
Fairbairn, Leslie J
Ashby, J
Willington, Mark
Turner, Suzanne D
Woolford, L A
Chinnasamy, Nachimuthu
Rafferty, Joseph A
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Abstract
The clastogenicity of the azo dye Direct Red 2 (DR2) has been investigated using the murine bone marrow micronucleus assay. A potent dose-dependent response was observed following oral gavage of DR2 up to 4 mg/kg, after which significant toxicity to the erythroid compartment was observed. The route of administration had a significant effect on the frequency of micronucleus formation: intraperitoneal injection was approximately two-fold less clastogenic than the equivalent dose delivered orally (p<0.05). The requirement for activation of DR2 by intestinal microflora was indicated by the fact that mice given acid-treated water prior to administration of DR2 showed a significant reduction (40%; p<0.001) in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte formation. The implications of these findings for the health and safety of occupationally exposed workers are discussed.
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Date
1999-07-21
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Article
Citation
Genotoxicity studies on the azo dye Direct Red 2 using the in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. 1999, 444 (1):175-80 Mutat. Res.